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More than two thousand species of plants are known for the territory of the reserve. Of them: vascular - 822, bryophytes - 216, mushrooms - 464, algae - 317, lichens - 261.




Fungi. The Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve higher fungi biota is represented by 463 species belonging to 42 families of Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes classes. The indicated species number totals about 1/3 of the macromycetic biota known in Belarus. Tricholomataceae, Cortinariaceae, Poriaceae, Russulaceaefamilies are characterized by the greatest species number. In the aspect of forest formations the mycobiota of pine woods has been exposed to especially detailed research. It have been distinguished between several macromycetic sinusia in forest associations. Mycocenoses consist of symbiotroph, litter saprotroph, humus saprotroph, coprotroph, xylotroph etc. sinusia ecological fungi groups.

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Considerable attention in the reserve have been paid to finding out the peculiarities of tree-destroying fungi distribution in pine forests. It has been found out that their specific diversity and abundance were maximum in old-aged forests with complex tree-species structure. Coniferous phytocenoses forming under the oligotrophic growing conditions are characterized by the impoverished mycobiota. The xylotrophs specific structure convergence appears to be inevitable in typologically similar pine and spruce forests. Within the boundaries of certain biogeocenoses the spatial distribution of tree-destroying fungi is determined by specific structure and quantitative state of the substratum. 80,9 % of 112 xylobiontic fungi species found in pine and spruce phytocenoses, are the saprotrophic ones. Over the half (51,8 %) of the identified species are consortively linked with 2-3 species in compliance with the substratum specialization appropriateness of the majority of xylotrophs in other regions. On the basis of quantitative indiced of tree-destroying fungi distribution the species rarity was evaluated.

The fungous diseases pathogenes in pine forests of the reserve have been found out, the phytocenotic role of root moulds in pine tree-stands have been shown. The pathological tree-fall and biological stability of phytocenoses measured, organization-methodical principles of the phytopathological monitoring worked out.

The mycobiota studies in the reserve have to be oriented at finding out of the fungi distribution peculiarities in connection with the character of anthropogenic damages in the forest identifying of its consortive links with the higher plants and its role in bioenergetic processes of forest ecosystems, investigating the factors which cause the species' rarity. The priority significance nowadays should be given to the research of pollutants' impact on the fungi of different specific and trophic belonging, evaluating the indicative and functional role in the environmental conditions changing.


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